How can LGBT+ people reduce their risk of disease?

How can LGBT+ people reduce their risk of disease?

      Engaging in unprotected sexual activities without taking precautions can indeed lead to increased health risks, particularly in the group that engages in anal sex. This can increase the risk of infection and various diseases.

• What are some diseases that can be contracted through sexual activity?
        Diseases that can be transmitted through sexual activity within the LGBT+ community are similar to those transmitted in general heterosexual sexual relationships. These include HIV infection, syphilis, and genital warts. Currently, there are also new types of infections, such as HIV, which were previously known to cause chickenpox but are now known to cause cancer, such as cervical cancer in women and anal cancer in men who engage in anal sex.
  
• What are the symptoms of anal cancer?
        Anal cancer typically starts with the presence of a lump or growth in the anal area. Some individuals may experience symptoms such as bleeding during bowel movements and anal pain, which can resemble symptoms of hemorrhoids. Therefore, if you notice a lump or growth in the anal area, it is advisable to see a healthcare professional for a more detailed examination.
• Is anal cancer common?
        In general, anal cancer accounts for less than 3% of all cancers in an individual. However, among individuals who engage in anal sex and are HIV positive, the risk can increase up to 30 times.
• What are the treatment options for anal cancer?
  Radiation therapy and chemotherapy
        are standard and primary treatment options, which can achieve a cure or a significant reduction in cancer in approximately 70-80% of patients without the need for surgery.
  Surgery
        is considered for patients who do not respond well to radiation therapy and chemotherapy or do not respond at all. The type of surgery depends on the extent of the remaining disease. If there is a significant amount of disease remaining, it may be necessary to remove the anal canal, and the patient would require a colostomy. However, if there is a minimal amount of remaining disease, the surgeon may be able to remove the remaining cancer and preserve the anal canal.

Ways to reduce the risk of diseases for the LGBT+ community:

• Use condoms consistently: Condoms are the most effective means of reducing the risk of sexually transmitted infections.
• Get vaccinated against HPV: HPV vaccines protect against cervical cancer and can also help prevent anal cancer. It is recommended for both females and males from the age of 11 to 45.
• Treat HIV infection: Individuals with HIV infection should follow continuous antiretroviral therapy as prescribed by their healthcare provider to control the disease from progressing to AIDS.
• Screen for anal cancer: Screening for anal cancer can be done using methods similar to cervical cancer screening, such as Pap smears. It is recommended to have regular screenings, and if any abnormalities are found, further evaluation will be conducted.

      In addition to the mentioned prevention methods, taking Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) medication can provide up to 92% protection if used correctly. However, even with preventive measures, regular health check-ups are still necessary to ensure that no infections are acquired due to potential gaps in prevention methods.

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